Glossary
Glossary of Terms
-A-
AAMA
American Architectural Manufacturers Association. A national trade
association that establishes voluntary standards for the window, door,
storefront, curtain wall and skylight industries.
Absorptance
The ratio of radiant energy absorbed to total incident radiant energy in a
glazing system.
Acrylic
(Plastic) A non-crystalline thermoplastic with good weather resistance,
shatter resistance, and optical clarity; sometimes used for glazing.
Active in paired or double doors when the hinged door leaf which is
primarily operable.
Active
In paired or double doors, the hinged door leaf which is primarily
operable.
Adhesion
That property of a coating or sealant which measures its ability to stick
or bond to the surface to which it is applied.
Adhesive Failure
Failure of a compound by pulling away from the surface with which it is in
contact.
Aerogel
A microporous, transparent silicate foam as a glazing cavity fill
material, offering possible U-values below 0.10 BTU/(h-sq ft-oF) or 0.56
W/sq m-oC) .
Air Infiltration
The amount of air leaking in and out of a building through cracks in
walls, windows and doors.
Air-Leakage Rating
A measure of the rate of air-leakage around a window, door, or skylight in
the presence of a specific pressure difference. It is expressed in units
of cubic feet per minute per square foot of frame area (cfm/sq ft).
Formerly expressed as cubic feet per minute per foot of window perimeter
length (cfm/ft) but not now in use. The lower a window's air-leakage
rating, the better its air tightness.
Air Pockets
Bubbles of air formed within a compound or between two adjacent beads of
compound applied successively in a joint.
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage
Loan whose interest rate changes periodically according to movements in
the financial market over the term of the loan. Many offer
lower-than-market initial Interest rates that rise only gradually for the
first few years.
Affidavit Label
For fire-rated doors, a label on a door product on which the manufacturer,
not an independant laboratory, states that the door meets a type or types
of test criteria.
Annealed Glass
Regular glass which has not been heat strenghtened or tempered. Most
window glass is annealed.
Annealing
The process of heating metal, glass or other materials above the
critical or re-crystallization temperature, then controlled cooling to
eliminate the effects of cold-working, relieve internal stresses or
improve strength, ductility or other properties.
Annual Percentage Rate
Annual cost, to the consumer, of credit over the life of a loan including
interest, services charges, points, loan fees mortgage insurances and
other items. Lenders are required by law to diclose the APR.
Anodize
To provide an extremely hard non-corrosive oxide film on the surface of
aluminum, by electrolytic action. The electrochemical process produces an
anodic coating by conversion of aluminum into essentially aluminum oxide.
Appearance depends upon both the alloy involved and the surface
preparation. Anodic coatings may be transparent, of varying shades of
silver, gray or brown, or colors may be incorporated by the use of dyes or
pigments.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute. Clearing house for all types of
standards and specifications.
Appraisal
Unbiased opinion, made by a qualified person, of a property's value based
on its style and appearance, construction quality, usefullness and the
value of comparable properties.
Argon gas
An inert, nontoxic gas used in insulating glass units to reduce heat
transfer.
Asphalt
A waterproofing agent that is applied to roofing materials during the
manufacturing process.
ASHRAE
American Society of Heating, Air-conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers.
Assessment
Tax levied on a property, in addition to general taxes, or a value placed
on the worth of a property by a taxing authority. Usually used for
infastructure improvements such as roads and electricity.
Assumption
Transaction allowing a buyer or new owner to assume responsibility of
payments for an existing loan instead of getting a new loan.
Astragal
The post-type fitting on the latch-side edge of one of a set of paired or
double doors, which covers the margin between doors when they are closed,
and which houses or contains the weatherstrip.
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials. Organization that develops
methods for testing of materials.
Awning window
A window that is hinged at the top and swings outward for ventilation.
-B-
Backerboard
A flat material used on the face of the house, between the studs and the
siding, to provide a nailable surface for the siding.
Backfill
Accomplishes same thing as back putty, that is, fills back channel.
However, material can be other tan putty or glazing compound.
Back Putty
Also referred to as bedding or bed glazing. The small bead of glazing
material between the glass and the sash and on the opposite side of the
glass from the face glazing. Also, the act of applying the back putty
before placing the glass into position.
Backset
For locating a machined hole, recess, or mortise, the distance from an
edge or surface to the center or edge of the recess, hole or mortise.
Back Surfacing
Product applied to the back of roofing shingles. The product is made from
a fine mineral matter.
Back-up Material
A compressible material placed in a joint before applying a sealant, to
limit the depth of the sealant configuration. The material may also act as
a bond breaker.
Balance
A mechanical device (normally spring-loaded) used in single-and
double-hung windows as a means of counterbalancing the weight of the sash
during opening and closing.
Balance covers
A snap-in covering that conceals the block and tackle balance system
within the window frame, helping to keep dirt and dust out of the chamber.
Ball-Bearing Hinge
A heavier-duty hinge than the standard hinge, with bearings supporting the
pivots. Ball-bearing hinges are usually used for heavy doors thast will be
in commercial or industrial use.
Base Flashing
A portion of flashing, which is attached to or resting on the deck to
direct the flow of water onto the roof covering.
Bay window
An angled combination of three windows that project out from the wall of
the home. The windows are usually positioned at 30- or 45-degree angles.
Beading
An Architectural term that refers to a narrow, half-round molding that runs the length of your siding.Beveled MasterFrame
Some windows feature a unique fusion-welded design that accommodates
differing installation methods and architectural styles. It is the angled
portion of the masterframe profile that adds a three dimensional
appearance to the exterior of the window.
Bite
Amount of overlap between the top of a stop and the inserted edge of a
panel or lite of glass; also the amount of overlap of a heel bead into the
glass or panel.
Black Body
The ideal, perfect emitter and absorber of thermal radiation. It emits
radiant energy at each wavelength at the maximum rate possible as a
consequence of its temperature, and absorbs all incident radiance.
Block
A piece of neoprene, silicone, or other suitable material used to position
the glass in the frame.
Blocking
To shim, level and plumb windows in required positions.
Block and Tackle Balance System
The block and tackle system utilizes a high-density nylon cord pulley
action which is attached to a moveable block that travels up and down
within a metal chamber. Tension from a heavy duty coil spring at the top
of the block creates the proper resistance necessary for smooth operation
of the window sash.
BOCA
Building officials and Code Administrations.
Bond Breaker
A release type of material (such as polyethylene film sheet with adhesive
on one side) used to prevent adhesion of the sealant to the back-up
material or back of the joint. Used in expansion joints or splice joints.
Boot
A term used for the rubber part at the bottom or top end of an astragal,
which beds the astragal end and seals between the end and the door frame
or sill.
Bottom Rail
The bottom horizontal member of a window sash.
Bow window
An angled combination of windows in 3-, 4- or 5-lite configurations. As
the windows are joined to each other, they combine to form an arch shape
that projects from the wall of the home.
Box-Framed
In door and sidelite assemblies, a term used to differentiate door and
sidelite units which are first framed as seperate units, with heads and
sills separate and the width of the door or sidelite panels. Box-framed
doors are joined to box-framed sidelites.
Brad
A small nail with a small head, usually used to fasten small trim and
moldings. Commonly used with Brick Mould A molding to trim the
outside edge of a door frame. Brickmould is most often applied to prehung
units.
Broker
(Real Estate) Person who recieves a comission or fee for bringing
buyer and seller together and assisting in a real estate transaction. The
broker is not the proprietor of the property but is representative of the
owner. A license is required in most states.
BTU
British Thermal Unit: the amount of heat energy necessary to raise the
temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. The energy
used for heating and cooling is measured by the number of BTU's needed to
keep a building at a comfortable temperature.
Buck
A term usually used in masonry construction to describe a door frame or a
subframe in a masonry opening, around which a steel door frame wraps and
is fastened.
Building Code
Local regulations and ordinances that regulate design, construction and
materials used in construction. Building codes are used to insure safety
and welfare.
Bundle
A package of roofing shingles.
Butt
A type of hinge commonly used to assemble doors. Butt hinges are often
referred to simply as "butts".
Butt edge
The bottom part of shingle tabs.
Buttering
Application of compound or sealant to the flat surface of a member before
placing it into position.
Buttlock
The bottom edge of a siding or soffit panel, or accessory piece, opposite
the nailing slots, which locks onto the preceding panel.
Butyl
A rubber material that seals the glass to the spacer, creating an airtight
and water-tight insulated glass unit.
Buydown
Subsidy (usually paid by a builder or developer) to reduce the monthly
payments on a mortgage loan during the early years.
Buyers Agent
A real estate agent or licensed sales person who represents only the buyer
in searching for and negotiating in a real estate transaction.
-C-
Callback
Request by home owner for builder or contractor to handle a service
request.
Cam-Action Lock and Keeper
The mechanisms, which pull and secure the sashes together when placed in
the locked position.
Came, Caming
Formed metal stripping, usually made of brass or zinc plated steel, used
between cut-glass pieces to assemble the pieces into decorative glass
panel. Caming is soldered at joints to bond the glass assembly together.
Cap
Maximum allowable increase of an interest rate or monthly payment for an
adjstable-rate loan either during an adjustment period or over the life of
the loan.
Carpet Shim
A spacer block used under a door sill to raise the sill an appropriate
amount if carpet is used, so the door panel clears te carpet when opened.
Casement Window
A window with a side-hinged sash that opens and closes outward by a crank
handle mechanism. Available in continuous mainframe, with multi-lite
configurations.
Casing
Architectural ornament consisting of various widths, thickness and shapes,
which can be administered to the framework of window and door units.
Catalyst
A material which markedly speeds up the cure or reaction of another
substance when added in minor quantities.
Caulk
An adhesive compound used for filling joints or sealing cracks. Caulk
assists in the prevention of water and air leakage. This product is
customarily made of silicone, acrylic or a rubber-based material.
Caulking
To use caulk to fill or seal a joint or crack, which prevents air and
water leaking.
Cavity Wall
A type of building wall construction consisting of an outer wall fastened
to an inner wall separated by an air space.
Certificate of Occupancy
Written authorization from an official agency stating the property meets
the requirement of local codes, ordinances and regulations. This insures
that the property is suitable for habitation.
CFM
Cubic feet per minute (written ft3/min.). Unit for air flow.
Chain of Title
History of all documents transferring title to a parcel of real property,
starting with the last existing and ending with the most recent.
Change Order
Customers written consent to add, delete or change an item specified in a
contract.
Channel
The area of the accessory trim or corner post where siding or soffit
panels are inserted. Channels also refer to the trim itself, and are named
for the letters of the alphabet they resemble (e.g., J-channel, F-channel,
etc.).
Channel Depth
The measurement from the bottom of the channel to the top of the stop, or
measurement of sight line to base of the channel.
Channel Glazing
The sealing of the joints around lites of glass or panel set in a U-shaped
channel employing removable or fixed stops.
Check Rail
The bottom horizontal member of the upper sash and the top horizontal
member of the lower sash which meet at the middle of a double-hung window.
Chemical Cure
A change in the properties of a material due to polymerization of
vulcanization, which may be effected by heat, catalysts, exposure to the
atmosphere, or combinations of these.
Clad
Provided with a facing or jacket which works as a protection against
weather and provides a finished appearance. Cladding may be painted metal,
plastic, or a heavy coating applied by the manufacturer.
Clearance
The space or distance allowed for anchorage or erection purposes or to
accommodate dimensional variations in a building structure.
Clear Jambs
Natural wood door frames, without paint or primer applied. Appears to be
made of full-length pieces of stock, without joints or knots.
Clips
Wire spring devices to hold glass in rabbetted sash without stops, and
face glazed.
Closed-Cell Foam
Sponge-like material, usually used in gaskets and weatherstripping, which
compresses into joints, but absorbs little water.
Closer Block
An inside reinforcement, usually placed across the top edge of a door, to
enable firm fastening of self-closing hardware to the door.
Closing
Meeting to sign document that transfers title from a seller to a buyer
(also referred to as settlement). The final step in the process of making
a sale. Could be the aquisition of a signature or a payment on services to
be conducted.
Closing Costs
Fees incurred at settlement for obtaining a mortgage loan and transferring
a real estate title.
Cohesive Failure
Failure of a compound when placed under a strain, in which - because of
insufficient elasticity and elongation to absorb the strain - the compound
splits and opens.
Collar
A band of material that is placed over a vent pipe to seal the roof,
circling the vent pipe.
Compatibility
The ability of two or more materials to exist in close and permanent
association for an indefinite period with no adverse effect of one on the
other.
Compression
Pressure exerted on a compound in a joint, as by placing a lite of glass
or panel against bedding, or placing a stop in position against a bead of
compound.
Condensation
The deposit of water vapor from the air on any cold surface whose
temperature is below the dew point, such as a cold window glass or frame
that is exposed to humid indoor air.
Conduction
Heat transfer through a solid material by contact of one molecule to the
next. Heat flows from a higher-temperature area to a lower-temperature
one.
Contingency
A condition or conditions that must be met before a contract becomes
legally binding.
Continuous
A sill used for a type of door and sidelite unit in which the unit has
full width top and bottom frame parts, and an internal post or posts
separating sidelites from the door panel.
Convection
A heat transfer process involving motion in a fluid (such as air) caused
by the difference in density of the fluid and the action of gravity.
Convection affects heat transfer from the glass surface to room air, and
between two panes of glass.
Core
The center section of part of a door, or door part.
Corner Plug, Corner Seal Pad
A small part, usually made of resilient material, used to seal water which
gets beyond the bottom ends of weatherstrip in doors. Caused by leak
between the door edge and the jambs, adjacent to the bottom gasket.
Course
A row of panels, one panel wide, running the length of the house from one
side to the other, or, in the case of vertical siding, from top to bottom.
Cove Molding
A small molded wood lineal piece, usually formed with a scooped face, used
to trim and fasten a panel of some type into a frame.
Coved Glazing Beads
A contoured piece of vinyl that holds the glass in place within the sash
and adds an elegant, finished look.
CRF
Condensation Resistance Factor: an indication of a window's ability to
resist condensation. The higher the CRF, the less likely condensation is
to occur.
Crossbore
A large through-hole, near the edge of a door panel, usually 2-1/8 inch in
diameter, which houses a cylinder lockset or deadbolt latch.
Curing Time
The time required to complete the chemical reaction of a product to reach
its final physical form as a result of chemical reaction.
Curtain Wall
An exterior building wall which carries no roof or floor loads and
consists entirely or principally of metal, or a combination of metal,
glass and other surfacing materials supported by a metal framework.
There are two basic types:
- Custom
- Walls designed specifically for one project, and using parts and details specially made for this purpose.
- Standard
- Walls made up principally of parts and details standardized by their manufacturer and assembled in accord with either the architect's design or the manufacturer's stock patterns.
Cylindar Lock
Lock hardware which mounts into a door which has been prepared with a
bored hole or holes through the face, and into the edge.
-D-
Deadbolt
A latch used to secure a door closed, the latch being driven from the door
into a reciever in the jamb or frame.
Decibel
A unit for expressing the relative intensity of sounds. Zero represents
the average least perceptible sound. Roughly 130 represents the average
pain level.
Deed
Legal document representing transfer of property ownership from one person
to another.
Degree-Day
A unit that represents a 1° F deviation from some fixed reference point
(usually 65° F) in the mean, daily outdoor temperature.
Default
When a borrower is unwilling to or unable to make the required payments of
a mortgage contract.
Deflection
The distance a door has moved away from its closed and latched position,
usually measured at the top unsupported latch-side corner. Deflection may
be cause by wind pressure or heat. Deflection is temporary. The door
returns to position when the force is removed.
Desiccant
Moisture absorbing material used inside the spacer in an insulated glass
assembly, so as to control moisture levels and prevent moisture from
frosting or condensing on the inside glass surfaces of the insulated unit.
Dew Point
The temperature at which the condensation of water vapor in a space
begins, at a given state of humidity and pressure, as the temperature is
reduced. Used in testing sealed insulating glass. The lower the number,
the higher the resistance to forming condensation.
Distributor (Glass)
(Distributor) Buys glass from the primary manufacturer, stock and
resells it to smaller glass shops and other outlets that install or sell
to the ultimate consumer.
Divided Light
A window with a number of smaller panes of glass separated and held in
place by muntins.
Do-Dah
Also known as the Tilt-Latch. This is a device that when squeezed
together, inwards, allows the window sash to tilt-in from the mainframe
for easy cleaning.
DOE-2.1E
A building-simulation computer program used to calculate total annual
energy use.
Doorlite
An assembly of frame and glass panel, which when fitted to a door in a
formed or cut-out hole, creates a door with a glass opening.
Dormer
A section of roof which protrudes from the house, usually containing one
or more windows. Double-Hung Window A window that has two vertical
operating sashes.
Double Channel
Lineal A siding accessory that joins two soffit panels.
Drip Cap/Head Flashing
An accessory installed with vertical siding to ensure that water drips
away from panels and does not infiltrate them; it is also used as a
vertical base.
Dry Glazing
A method of securing glass in a frame by use of a dry, preformed resilient
gasket, without the use of a compound.
Drywall Opening
A rectangular opening in a wall, usually interior, prepared to the size
necessary to recieve a pre-hung assembly.
Dry-wall Remove
Ability to remove Sashes and Astragal in new construction single-hung
and/or sliding windows (0100, 0102, 0103) and new construction picture
window (0104) to allow for oversize access such as entering dry-wall in to
a newly constructed structure.
DSE Sealants
A sealant that exhibits properties of high structural strength and low
moisture vapor transmission rates.
Due-on-Sale
Clause in a mortgage contract which allows the lender to demad the entire
outstanding balance upon sale or transfer of the property.
Dummy Cylindar
A lock without a latch, typically used for the passive door panel of a
double door unit, so that the hardware appears equal to that used on the
active panel.
Dynamic Elongation Test
Elongation or stretching of a material under continuous movement.
-E-
Earnest Money
Amount paid to a seller to display the potential purchaser's intent to
buy.
Easement
Permission granted to a person or company giving them access to the owners
land. The land owner may willingly grant an easement or can be ordered to
grant one by local jurisdiction.
Eaves
The lower edge of a roof that projects over the exterior wall.
Edge Bore
The hole bored through the edge of a door to allow the latch to pass
through, into the strike.
Edge
Effect Two-dimensional heat transfer at the edge of a glazing unit
due to the thermal properties of spacers and sealants.
Egress Code
The minimum opening of a window for people to exit or firefighters to
enter a building/dwelling. Different states or regions have different code
requirements.
Elasticity
Pliability, ability to take up an expansion and contraction; opposite of
brittleness.
Elastomer
An elastic, rubber-like substance which may either occur naturally or be
produced synthetically.
Electric Strike
A mechanism which allows a switch to open the latch of a door.
Electrochromics
Glazing with optical properties that can be varied continuously from clear
to dark with a low-voltage signal. Ions are reversibly injected or removed
from an electrochromic material, causing the optical density to change.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Radiant energy over a broad range of wavelengths.
Emergency Exit Windows
Fire escape window (egress window) large enough for a person to climb out.
In U.S. building codes, each bedroom must be provided with an exit window.
The exact width, area, and height from the floor are specified in the
building codes.
Emissivity
The capability of a surface to radiate heat energy.
Emittance
The ratio of the radiant flux emitted by a specimen to that emitted by a
blackbody at the same temperature and under the same conditions.
End Seal Pad
A closed-cell foam piece, about 1/16-inch thick, in the shape of a sill
profile, fastened between the sill and jamb to seal the joint.
ENERGY STAR®
The ENERGY STAR program is a joint venture between the US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Energy (DOE) designed to
encourage homeowners to purchase energy-efficient products. Using less
energy in our homes reduces the amount of CO2 emissions released into the
atmosphere from burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas.
EPDM
A weathering compound with good resistance to ultra-violet radiation. Good
memory and weathering characteristics.
Epoxy
A thermoplastic resin formed by combining epichlorohydrin and bisphenols.
Requires a curing agent for room temperature or elevated temperature
hardening. Has outstanding adhesion, strength and excellent chemical
resistance.
Equity
Difference between the value of a home and what is owed on it.
Escrow
Handling of funds or documents by a third party on behalf of the buyer
and/or seller.
Escrow Amount
Amount set up by a lender into which periodic payments are made, usually
monthly, for taxes, hazard insurance assessments and mortgage insurance
premiums funds are held in trust by the lender who pays the sums as they
come due.
Escutcheon
A stamped decorative plate, usually circular to trim the shaft of a door
knob or deadbolt latch. It can also trim the opening where the shaft or
latch adjoins the face of a door.
Etched Glass
Glass used for doorlites on which a decorative pattern is engraved by
means of chemical action or mechanical sand-blasting.
Evacuated Glazing
Insulating glazing composed of two glass layers, hermetically sealed at
the edges, with a vacuum between to eliminate convection and conduction. A
spacer system is needed to keep the panes from touching.
Exposure
The width of each panel of siding. Also known as a reveal.
Extension Unit
A framed fixed door panel, with a full-sized lite of glass,
field-installed or shop-installed adjacent to a two-panel patio door, to
make the door unit into a three-panel door.
Exterior Glazed
Glass set from the exterior of the building.
Exterior Stop
The removable molding or bead holding the lite or panel in place. Located
on the exterior side of the lite or panel, as contrasted to an interior
stop located on the interior side of the lite or panel.
Extrusion
A cast formed by pressing material through a die. Most window frames are
clad with extruded vinyl or aluminium.
Eyebrow Windows
Low, inward-opening windows with a bottom-hinged sash. These attic windows
built into the top molding of the house are sometimes called
"lie-on-your-stomach" or "slave" windows. Often found on Greek Revival and
Italianate houses.
-F-
Fabricator (Glass)
Buys glass from the glass manufacture and fabricates (tempering,
laminating, insulating, etc.) to their customers requirements.
Fac
Refers to the side of a siding or soffit panel that is showing once the
panel has been installed.
Face Glazing
On a rabbetted sash without stops, the triangular bead of compound is
applied with a glazing knife after bedding, setting and clipping the lite
in place.
Face-nailing
The action of fastening directly onto the "face" side of a panel (instead
of using the nail hem slot). This practice is generally not used in siding
installation.
Faceplate
The plated or solid metal trim piece, usually 1 X 2-1/4 inches, housed
flush into the edge of a door, through which projects the latch of a
passage lock or deadbolt.
Fair Market Value
Price at which property is transferred between willing buyer and willing
seller, each of whom has reasonable knowledge of all pertinent facts and
neither being under compulsion to buy or sell.
Fanlight
A half-circle window over a door or window, with radiating bars. Also
called circle top transom.
Fascia Board
A board attached to the ends of the rafters between the roofing material
and the soffit overhang. Fascia cap is the covering around that board.
Federal Housing Administration
Federal agency that insures mortgages with lower down payment requirements
than conventional loans.
Fenestration
The placement of window openings in a building wall, one of the important
elements in controlling the exterior appearance of a building. Also, a
window, door or skylight and its associated interior or exterior elements,
such as shades or blinds.
Fiberglass
A composite material made of extremely fine glass fibers, used in making
numerous products including entry doors, cornice moldings, columns,
balustrades, and baluster systems.
Filet Bead
Placing caulking or sealant in such a manner that it forms an angle
between the materials being caulked.
Filler
A material such as cotton mop yarn, glass fiber insulation, oakum,
polyethylene, Denver foam, etc., which is pressed into an opening or joint
so that the compound applied to seal the joint will exert pressure and
form good contact against the sides of the joint or opening.
Finger Joint
A way of joining short sections of board stock together, end to end to
make longer stock. Door and frame parts are often made using
finger-jointed pine stock.
Fixed Lite
A pane of glass installed directly into non-operating framing members;
also, the opening or space for a pane of glass in a non-operating frame.
Fixed Panel
An inoperable panel of a sliding glass door or slider window.
Fixed Rate Mortgage
Mortgage with an interest rate that remains constant over the life of the
loan.
Fixed Window
A window with no operating sashes.
Flashing
A thin, flat material, usually aluminum, positioned under or behind
J-channels, corner posts, windows, etc., to keep draining water from
penetrating the home.
Float Glass
Glass which has its bottom surfaces formed by floating on molten metal,
the top surface being gravity formed, producing a high optical quality of
glass with parallel surfaces and, without polishing and grinding, the
fire-finished brilliance of the finest sheet glass. Float is replacing
plate glass.
Flush-Glazed
A type of glazed door which has its glass perimeter moldings flush with or
set down from the face of the surrounding door.
Flush Joint
Compound applied in an opening or joint so that it is even with the top
edge of the joint.
Foam
Rigid or flexible plastic, light in weight and cellular in structure, used
in door construction. Rigid foam used as the insulating and binding core
for doors. Flexible foam is sometimes used a gasket.
Fogging
A deposit of contamination left on the inside surface of the sealed
insulating glass unit due to extremes of temperatures. Usually happens
with failed SIG.
Foot Bolt
A steel pin housed in a door bottom edge or astragal, with a latch
mechanism, which can be driven down to project into a reciever socket or
hole in the floor or threshold, to better secure the door when closed.
Frame
In door assemblies, the perimeter members at the top and sides, to which
the door is hinged and latched. See jamb.
FreedomMAXX Low-E HP
FreedomMaxxx Low-E HP features a multiple-layer vacum-deposition Low-E
insulating glass unit filled with argon gas. It delivers performance up to
40% more energy-efficient than many other types of Low-E or Mid-E glass
systems, and is over twice as energy-efficient as uncoated insulating
glass units.
Suburban Construction's exclusive Freedom Maxx high-performance insulated
glass package is a state-of-the-art combination of three energy-efficient
elements, each contributing to a superior glass unit that may help to pay
for itself in energy savings through all seasons.
Solarban® 60 Low-E glass from PPG Solarban 60 Low-E glass (low emmisivity) helps reduce energy costs in two ways. In summer, Solarban 60 helps block out long-wave radiation (direct sunlight) from the sun, keeping your home cooler. In winter, Solarban 60 helps retain furnace heat while allowing warming, short-wave solar rays to enter the home, putting less strain on your furnace to maintain a comfortable warmth.
Intercept™ Warm Edge Spacer from PPG The Intercept Spacer System is designed to keep the edges of the window glass warmer. Even with insulating glass, if the edges are not sealed properly, the insulation of the window as a whole may be compromised. The Intercept spacer creates a "warm edge" seal for superior insulation and reduced likelihood of condensation at the edges of the window.
Insulating Argon Gas Argon gas is a colorless, odorless, nonflammable, nontoxic, inert gas that is sealed between the two panes of glass. Heavier than air, and completely safe to humans and animals, the argon gas provides an additional layer of insulation, increasing energy-efficiency and also acting as a sound barrier to help deaden outside noise.
Freedom Max Low E HP Features * Improved winter and summer thermal comfort * Increased heating and cooling season energy and cost savings * Reduces peak loads for lower HVAC costs * Helps reduce window condensation * Helps deaden outside noise

(PHOTO) FreedomMaxxx Low-E HP features a multiple-layer vacum-deposition Low-E insulating glass unit filled with argon gas. It delivers performance up to 40% more energy-efficient than many other types of Low-E or Mid-E glass systems, and is over twice as energy-efficient as uncoated insulating glass units.
FreedomMAXX 10
FreedomMaxxx 10 is our ultimate glass system. It delivers performance over
300% more energy-efficient than ordinary Low-E or Mid-E glass
systems because it combines two panes of multiple-layer
vacum-deposition Low-E glass with an interior glass pane and two
insulating chambers of Krypton gas. The result is a triple-pane insulating
glass unit that delivers ultra-high energy-efficiency. And, becuase all
three panes are made of glass, the distortion and haze that can result in
non-glass systems is eliminated.
Freedom Maxx 10: Your best bet for increased energy efficiency from an
insulated glass unit.
These days, homeowners are becoming far more educated of each and every opportunity to save money on utility bills. As recent studies have shown, nearly 50% of a home’s energy dollars are lost through poorly insulated windows and doors. And, with today’s state-of-the-art manufacturing procedures, energy efficiency and maintenance freedom features, vinyl windows are quickly becoming the number one choice for replacement windows. But, the multi-chambered insulating design of a vinyl window does not stand on its own.
These days, homeowners are becoming far more educated of each and every opportunity to save money on utility bills. As recent studies have shown, nearly 50% of a home’s energy dollars are lost through poorly insulated windows and doors. And, with today’s state-of-the-art manufacturing procedures, energy efficiency and maintenance freedom features, vinyl windows are quickly becoming the number one choice for replacement windows. But, the multi-chambered insulating design of a vinyl window does not stand on its own.
It is easy to see that windows are comprised of far more glass than vinyl, nearly 80% or more in most cases. This means that, in all seasons, the performance of the insulated glass unit is critical. The heating and cooling months both demand a different type of performance from your window. In winter, you want to keep the heat in, and in the summer, you want to keep the heat out. So when you are bout to make this type of investment, wouldn’t the logical choice be a window that gives you the utmost in energy efficiency? Consider an AMI Window (Associated Materials Window) with the Freedom Max 10 insulated glass package.
Improved Thermal Performance: Insulated glass units were initially filled
with air or dry nitrogen. It was later discovered that a dense, slow
moving glass would help to minimize the convection currents within the
space, thereby reducing conduction and the transfer of heat. These inert,
colorless, odorless and safe glasses have proven to be very successful in
improving the thermal performance of a window.
Improving a Window’s Winter U-Factor Performance. * The U-Factor (also referred to as U-Value) is a number that represents the rate of heat flow through a glazing system. The lower the U-Factor, the greater a window’s resistance to heat flow, and the better its insulating value. This performance is critical to those homeowners who may experience increased heating conditions not only during the winter months, but very possibly late fall and early spring as well. This chart shows that the Freedom Maxx 10 insulated glass unit that utilizes two panes of multi-layer, PPG Solarban® 60 Low-E glass will outperform the standard clear unit by as much as 70%.
What R-Values Mean to Window Products. * An R-Value is a measure of the resistance of a glazing material or fenestration product to heat conduction. It is the inverse of a U-Factor (R=1/U) and is expressed in terms of hr-sq ft-F/Btu. A higher R-Value shows a greater resistance to heat flow and a higher insulating value than that of a low R-Value. Usually, window R-Values range for 0.9 to 3.0, except in special cases. AMI Freedom Series Window with the Freedom Max 10 TK2 insulated glass package is 80% more energy efficient than a standard double-paned unit.
A Solution for Solar Heat Gain. The solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) is a number that represents the fraction of solar radiation admitted through a window, both transmitted and absorbed, and subsequently released inward. The lower a window’s solar heat gain coefficient, the less solar heat it transmits. Which therefore leads to a more comfortable interior of the home. Climates or seasons that rely heavily on air conditioning will benefit from a window product that displays a lower SHGC. As shown, the Freedom Maxx 10 TK2 unit will outperform the standard clear insulated glass unit by as much as 56%.
*Based on center of glass (COG)
French patio doors
A two panel glass door where both panels operate and swing either inward
or outward.
Furring/Furring Strip
A wooden or steel framing material, usually 1" x 3", used to provide an
even nailing base. To "fur" a surface means to apply these strips.
Fusion-welded
The process of joining materials by melting them together with extreme
heat (in most cases over 500ºF), resulting in the materials combining into
a one-piece unit.
-G-
Gain
A notch across the end of a board or wood part.
Galvinized
An adjective used to describe steel which has been zinc-coated. Galvinized
steel is resistant to corrosion.
Garden window
Designed much like a bay or bow window, a garden also extends from the
wall to the exterior of the home. It is built in a square or rectangular
shape at right angles. The two side lights often operate for added
ventilation.
Gas Fill
A gas other than air, usually argon or krypton, placed between window or
skylight glazing panes to reduce the U-factor by suppressing conduction
and convection.
Gasket
A strip or flexible material which in an assmebly of parts, prevents air
and water from penetrating or passing through joints between parts.
Glazing
The glass or plastic panes in a window, door or skylight.
Glazing Compound
A soft dough-like material used for filling and sealing the space between
a pane of glass and its surrounding frame.
Glazing Bead
A molding or stop around the inside of a window frame to hold the glass in
place.
Grids
Optional horizontal or vertical lineals installed between the glass panes
help to create the appearance of a divided window design.
Grille
For doors with glass lites or inserts, a removable face-mounted assembly
of thin wood or plastic pieces, which when in place, gives the lite or
insert a patterned multi-pane look.
Grooved Glass
Glass which is decorated with abrasively-routed recesses. Grooving can
gave a single piece of glass a multi-pane look.
Gun Consistency
Compound formulated to a degree of softness suitable for application
through the nozzle of a caulking gun.
-H-
Hand Operated Pressure Gun
A caulking gun operated by hand.
Handing
A term which describes or determines the direction of swing of a door when
opening.
Hand Tool
A tool with a narrow, blunt blade used to press tool consistency compound
into joints and to finish off the surface.
Hazard Insurance
Protection against damage caused by fire, wind storms or other common
hazards. Many lenders require borrowers to carry it in an amount at least
equal to the mortgage.
Head Bolt
A steel pin housed in a door top or astragal. See foot bolt. Head, head
jamb: The horizontal top frame member of a door assembly.
Heat-absorbing Glass
Window glass containing chemicals (with gray, bronze, or blue-green tint)
which absorb light and heat radiation, and reduce glare and brightness.
See also Tinted glass.
Heat Gain
The similar transfer of heat from outside to inside. Both heat loss and
heat gain are measured in terms of the fuel consumption required to
maintain a comfortable indoor temperature.
Heat Loss
The transfer of heat from inside to outside by means of conduction,
convection, and radiation through all surfaces of the house.
Heat-Strengthened Glass
Glass which is reheated, after forming, just below melting point and then
cooled. A compressed surface is formed which increases its strength. Used
for spandrel glass.
Hermetically Sealed Unit
An insulating glass unit made up of two lites of glass, separated by a
roll formed aluminum spacer tube (at the full perimeter) which is filled
with a moisture absorbing material. The unit is then completely sealed,
creating a moisture-free, clean dead air space.
Hinge
An assembly of metal plates and a cylindrical metal pin, which when
fastened to a door edge and to a door frame, allow the door to swing or
rotate in its frame.
Hinge Stile
The full-length vertical edge of a door, at the side or edge of the door
which fastens to its frame with hinges.
Hinged patio doors
A two panel glass door where one panel is stationary or fixed, while the
other operates and swings either inward or outward.
Hopper window
A bottom-hinged sash window that opens inward for ventilation.
Horned Sill
A sill which has been coped or cut in such a way at its ends, so that the
sill projects across the outside face of the bottoms of door jambs,
allowing the bottom ends of the brickmold pieces to butt and join to the
top of the sill.
Humidity
The percentage of moisture in the air in relationship to the amount of
moisture the air could hold at that given temperature. 100% relative
humidity would be rain. The amount of degree of moisture in the air.
HVAC
Common building industry abbreviation: heating, ventilation and air
conditioning systems.
Hypalon
A synthetic, vulcanizable rubber manufactured by reacting polyethylene
plastic with chlorine and sulphur dioxide.
-I-
ICC
International Code Council. A national organization that publishes model
codes for adoption by states and other agencies. Codes include the
International Building Code (IBC) and the International Energy
Conservation Code (IECC).
IGCC
Insulating Glass Certification Council.
IG Unit
Abbreviation for insulated glass unit.
Inactive
A term for a door panel fixed in its frame. Inactive door panels are not
hinged and are not operable.
Inclusion
Presence of foreign matter in a finished material, such as glass.
Index Interest rate or adjustment standard that determines the
changes in monthly payments for an adjustable rate loan.
Infrared Radiation
Invisible, electromagnetic radiation beyond red light on the spectrum,
with wavelengths greater than 0.7 microns.
Infrastucture
Public facilities and services needed to support residential development
including highways, bridges, schools and sewer and water systems.
Inspection
Examination of work completed on a structure to determine compliance with
building code and other code requirements.
Insulated Glass
A glass assembly of multiple full-lite pieces, seperated by a perimeter
spacer and sealed as a unit. Insulated glass in residential doors is
usually made with two thicknesses of 1/8 glass, seperated by an airspace
up to 3/4-inch thick.
Insulated Shutters
Insulating panels that cover a window opening to reduce heat
loss. Insulating air chambers Various chambers within the sash
and masterframe, which help to insulate and strengthen the window.
Inswing
A term used to describe an exterior entry door unit for which, when the
hinged door panel is opened, the panel swings into the building.
Interior Glazed
Glass set from the interior of the building.
Interior Stop
The removable molding or bead that holds the lite, as contrasted to an
exterior stop which is located on the exterior side of a lite or panel.
Interlocker
An upright frame member of a panel in a sliding glass door which engages
with a corresponding member in a adjacent panel when the door is closed.
Also called interlocking stile.
-J-
Jalousie
The jalousie window is made up of horizontally mounted louvered glass that
abut each other tightly when closed and extended outward when cranked
open.
Jamb
A vertical member at the side of a window frame or the horizontal member
at the top of the window frame, as in head jamb.
Jamb Jack
A fastener device for fixing a door frame to a wall structure, which
allows the space or margin between the frame and the structure openiing,
to be varied by turning the fastener screw.
Jamb Stop
In exterior door frames, the molded-in rebate surface of a frame member
against which door panels close and seal.
Joint Tenancy
Form of ownership in which the tenants own a property equally. If one
dies, the other automatically inherits the entire property.
-K-
Keeper
Normally a device into which a window or patio door locking latch hooks
over for security.
Kerf
A thin slot cut into a part with a molder or saw blade. Weatherstrip is
inserted into kerfs cut into door jambs.
Kicker
Synonymous with the word activator or catalyst, and sometimes actually
added as a third material in a three-part system.
King Stud
In a wood-framed rough opening, the stud which runs full height from floor
plate to ceiling plate, against which trimmer stud attaches.
Knuckle
The feature of a hinge where the hinge leaf is cut for two or three
projections which wrap and form a barrel or socket for the hinge pin.
Krypton gas
An inert, nontoxic gas used in insulating windows to reduce heat transfer.
-L-
Laminate
A thin face of wood or plastic, adhesively bonded to a core or substrate,
which makes up the decorative, wear or weatherable surface of the part.
Laminated Glass
Two or more sheets with an inner layer of transparent plastic to which the
glass adheres if broken. Used for overhead, safety glazing, and sound
reduction.
Laminator
Manufacturer of laminated glass, which consists of 2 or more layers of
glass and/or plastic bonded together with a PVB or PVC interlayer.
Lap
To overlap the ends of two siding panels or accessory pieces to allow for
expansion and contraction of the vinyl product.
Latch
A moveable, usually spring-loaded pin or bolt, which is part of a lock
mechanism, and engages a socket or clip on a door jamb, retaining the door
closed.
Leaf
A term which can apply to a door or hinge and which defines a part of the
assembly which can swing on a pivot. Butt hinges have two leaves.
Lift
Handle for raising the lower sash in a double-hung window. Also
called sash lift.
Light-to-Solar-Gain Ratio
A measure of the ability of a glazing to provide light without excessive
solar heat gain. It is the ratio between the visible transmittance of a
glazing and its solar heat gain coefficient. Abbreviated LSG.
Lintel
A horizontal member above a window or door opening that supports the
structure above.
Liquid Crystal Glazing
Glass in which the optical properties of a thin layer of liquid crystals
are controlled by a an electrical current, changing from a clear to a
diffusing state.
Loan To Value Ratio
Relationship between amount of a home loan and the total value of a
property.
Long-Range Infrared Radiation
Invisible radiation, beyond red light on the electromagnetic spectrum
(above 3.5 micro meters), emitted by warm surfaces such as a body oat room
temperature radiating to a cold window surface.
Lite
A unit of glass in a window or door unit.
Loan Origination Fee
Lender will charge a fee for the cost of processing the loan, usually
calculated as percentage of the loan amount.
Lock Block
A rectangular block of wood or other solid material, placed inside a door
assembly at the lock side edge, which reinforces the assembly when the
lock hardware is installed.
Lock Bore
For cylindrical locksets, the large through hole, usually 2-1/8-inches in
diameter, bored near the door panel's lock edge, into which the lock
mechanism is placed and installed.
Lock Stile
In insualted door assemblies, the full-length part, usually wood, which
makes up the lock edge of the door panel. In wood stile and rail doors,
the full length wood piece, 4 to 6-inches wide, at the lock edge of the
door.
Louver
A slatted opening for ventilation in which the slats are so placed to
exclude rain, sunlight or vision.
Low-Conductance Spacers
An assembly of materials designed to reduce heat transfer at the edge of
an insulating window. Spacers are placed between the panes of glass in a
double-or triple-glazed window.
Low E (Emissivity) Glass
Microscopically thin, virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide layers
deposited on a window or skylight glazing surface primarily to reduce the
U-factor by suppressing radiative heat flow. A typical type of low-E
coating is transparent to the solar spectrum (visible light and short-wave
infrared radiation) and reflective of longwave infrared radiation.
Lug/Crimp
The raised "ears" or tabs on a siding panel, created by a snaplock punch,
which can be used to lock a siding panel into place when the nailing hem
has been removed.
-M-
Masterframe
The combination of the head, sill and jamb sections of a window.
Mastic
Descriptive of compounds that remain elastic and pliable with age.
Meeting rail
The part of a sliding glass door, a sliding window or a hung window where
two panels meet and create a weather barrier.
Metal-Clad Windows
Exterior wood parts covered with extruded aluminum or other metal, with a
factory-applied finish to deter the elements.
Mill Finish
The original finish produced on aluminum by cold rolling or extruding.
Miter
To make a diagonal cut, beveled to a specific angle (usually 45°).
Sometimes miter cuts are made into an overlapping siding or soffit panel
surface, to provide a neater appearance.
Mitred Corners
The 45-degree butted flush joints produced in some sash where vertical
jamb members meet horizontal head and sill members.
Mock-Up
A model of a section of a wall or its parts, built to scale or at full
size, for purposes of studying its construction details, judging its
appearance, and/or testing its performance.
Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate
The rate at which moisture diffuses through a substance. Generally given
in the following units: grams/meters, 2 x 24 hours. The lower the MVT
rate, the greater the resistance of the sealant to moisture penetration.
Monomer
A substance or simple chemical compound that can be polymerized, yielding
a much larger molecule called a polymer.
Mortgage Commitment
Formal written communication by a lender agreeing to make a mortgage loan
on a specific property, specifying the loan amount, length of time and
conditions.
Mortgage Origination Fee
Charge for the work involved in preparing and servicing a mortgage
application (usually 1 Percent of the loan amount).
Mortise
A recess cut into the surface or edge of a part, usually for the purpose
of housing hardware such as hinges and lock parts.
Mortise-Type Lock
A lockset which usually has a rectangular-shaped mechanism, which is
housed into a deep recess cut into the edge of a door.
Mull
A short term for mullion. Used occasionally as a verb to describe the
joining of two door or window units together, or the joining of a door to
a sidelite unit.
Mulled
An adjective describing a door and sidelite unit which has been made by
edge-joining two framed units together.
Mullion
A post or divider which runs from sill to frame top in a multi-panel door,
door, or door and sidelite assembly. In stile and rail doors: the vertical
wood parts which seperate panels.
Multiple Extension Unit
In patio-door assemblies, a fixed door panel in a separate frame,
edge-joining to a patio door unit to add another glass panel to the
installation.
Muntins
In glazed lite assemblies, thin vertical and horizontal divider bars,
which give the lite a multi-paned look. Muntins may be part of lite
frames, and on the outside surface of the glass, or assembled between
glass in insulated glass units.
Muntins Grilles
Wood, plastic, or metal grids designed for a single-light sash to give the
appearance of muntins in a multilight sash, but removable for ease in
cleaning the window.
Mylar
A weatherstripping material that is present where the sash frame meets the
masterframe. Adds increased resistance to air infiltration.
-N-
Nailing Fin
A feature of some windows and patio door which permits installation and
fastening to a rough opening by nails or screws driven through the fin at
the top and side edges of the unit, into the surrounding frame of the
opening.
Nailing Hem (or Flange)
The section of siding or accessories where the nailing slots are located.
Needle Glazing
Application of small bead of compound at the sight line by means of gun
nozzle about 1/4" x 1/8" in opening size.
Neoprene
A synthetic rubber having physical properties closely resembling those of
natural rubber but not requiring sulphur for vulcanization. It is made by
polymerizing chloroprenes. The latter is produced from acetylene and
hydrogen chloride.
NFRC
National Fenestration Rating Council. An industry association which sets
the standards for testing, rating, and labeling doors and windows with
heat transmission and energy information.
Night Latch
A lever or knob-actuated bolt for fastening a door more securely at night.
Nitrile Rubber
A class of rubber-like co-polymers of acrylo nitrile with butadene. There
are many types and a few of the trade names are Funa N, Butraprene, and
Chemigum. It has high resistance to solvents, oils, greases, heat, and
abrasion.
Non-Resilient Tape
A high solids content, mastic material furnished in varying thicknesses
and widths, in roll form; easily deformed and permanently soft and tacky.
Non-Skinning
Descriptive of a product that does not form a surface skin after
application. Usually remains tacky or sticky.
Non-Staining
Characteristic of a compound which will not stain a surface by bleeding or
migration of its oils or vehicle content.
Non-Volatile
Any substance which does not evaporate or volatilize under normal
conditions of temperature and pressure.
Nosing
An edge piece, usually molded with a rounded face or corner, which runs
the length of an assembly. Oak adjustable sills have a nosing part along
the floor line at the inside edge.
Nozzle
The tabular tip of a caulking gun through which the compound is extruded.
NRP Hinge
An abbreviation for a hinge with a non-removable pivot pin. NRP
hinges are used when exterior doors swing out, as a security feature. The
fixed pins make it impossible to remove a door by driving out pivot pins.
-O-
Oakum
Hemp-like fibers in loose, ropey strands such as used by plumbers for
packing pipe bell pints, and formerly used as joint filler before caulking
where deep joints were present. Since superseded by materials such as
ethafoam, polyethylene, etc., because of their greater freedom from
ingredients that would stain masonry.
Obscure glass
Glass that has been made translucent instead of transparent.
Open-Cell Foam
A foam material which has passageways between cells. Open-cell foam will
absorb and retain water, because the water will penetrate deeply inside
the foam.
Organic
Compounds which consist of carbon and generally hydrogen, with a
restricted number of other elements, such a oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur,
phosphorous, chlorine, etc.
Organic Compound
A coating such as paint, lacquer, enamel, or plastic film in which the
principal ingredients are derived from animal or vegetable matter or from
some compound or carbon (which includes all plastics).
Outside Casing
Wooden exterior framing of the window.
1. A pre-assembled section of wall, including framing (if any), window
area, and solid area.
2. A solid filler or facing material, either of one piece or an assembly, or use with a surrounding frame.
3. S length of formed metal sheet, or an assembly of such sheets, usually with insulation between, as used for wall enclosure on industrial type buildings.
Outswing
An exterior door assembly in which the door panel swings outside the
building.
-P-
Panel
A major component of a sliding glass door, consisting of a lite of glass
in a frame installed within the main (or outer) frame of the door. A panel
may be sliding or fixed.
Panic-Proof Lock
A lock and latch device which permits a door to be opened outward by
pressure being applied to a bar mounted across the inside face of the
door.
Panning
In replacement windows work, the outside aluminum trim that can extend
around the perimeter of the window opening; used to cover up the old
window material. Panning can be installed in the opening before the
window, or can be attached directly to the window before installation.
Particle Dispersed Glazing
Glazing in which the orientation of small particles between two sheets of
glass is controlled electrically, thus changing its optical properties.
Parting Stop
A narrow strip, either integral or applied, that holds a sash or panel in
position in a frame.
Passage lock
A lockset which will keep a door closed but cannot be locked.
Passive
In a double or two-panel door assembly, the door which usually remains
closed and fixed by bolts at top and bottom. The other door panel is used
for regular passage.
Peak Load
The maximum thermal load to be provided by a heating or cooling system in
a house.
Peeling
The failure of a compound whereby the skin curls away from the remaining
compound under the skin.
Permanent Set
The amount by which a material fails to return to its original form after
being deformed by an applied force or load.
Permeability
The quality of permitting passage of water through openings without
causing rupture or displacement.
Permit
Document issued by & local government agency allowing construction to
be performed in conformance with local codes, Work may not commence until
permits have been obtained, and each permit issuing agency must inspect
the work at certain specified points during construction.
Photochromic
Capable of changing color on exposure to radiant energy. Glazing with the
optical properties that change in response to the amount of incident
light.
Picture window
A picture window that does not move or operate.
PITI
Principal, Interest, Taxes and Insurance (the four major components of
monthly housing payments).
Plant
A decorative molding applied to the surface of a flush door, to give the
appearance of a raised-molding design.
Plastic Film
A thin plastic substrate, sometimes used as the inner layers in a triple-
or quadruple-glazed window.
Plastics
Artificial substances made of organic polymers that can be extruded or
molded into various shapes including window frames and sashes.
Plate Glass
A rolled, ground, and polished product with true flat parallel plane and
surfaces affording excellent vision. It has been replaced by float glass.
Plumb
A position or measurement that is truly and exactly vertical, 90° from a
level surface.
Point
One-time charge assessed by the lender at closing to increase the interest
yield on a mortgage loan. Generally, it is 1 percent of the mortgage
amount.
Polybutene
A light colored liquid, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbon polymer.
Non-drying and widely used as a major component in sealing and caulking
compounds. It is essentially non-reactive and inert.
Polyester
There are many types of polyester resins, and they are manufactured by
reacting together two basic raw materials. These are dicarboxylic acid and
a dihydroxy alcohol. Polyesters are used in one and two-part systems for
coatings and molding compound. The manufacture of Dacron is well-known for
polyester fiber.
Polyethylene
A straight chain plastic polymer of ethylene (gaseous hydrocarbon) used
for containers, packaging, etc.
Polyisobutylene
Polymer manufactured from gaseous hydrocarbons. This polymer is a major
portion of butyl rubber which also contains a small percent of isoprene.
Polymer
A material which has been polymerized from smaller molecules into longer
molecules or chains. This can be done by addition or condensation
reaction.
Polymerized
Treated by heating or cooking so that molecules of different substances
unite into larger molecules of a different substance with individual
characteristics.
Polymerization
The reaction occurring when two or more molecules of a compound are united
to form a more complex compound with a larger molecular weight.
Polysulfide
Polysulfide liquid polymers (Thiokol) are mercaptan terminated, long chain
aliphatic polymers containing disulfide linkages. They can be converted to
rubbers at room temperatures without shrinkage upon addition of a curing
agent.
Polyurethane
A synthetic rubber formed by the reaction of a glycol with an isocyanate.
When used in sealants, yields a rubber-like material with excellent
strength characteristics. Used as exterior sealant and sealed insulating
glass sealant.
Positive Lock
Area below the nailing hem that the buttlock locks into.
Pot Life Test
The time interval following the addition of an accelerator of curing agent
before a chemically curing material will become too viscous to apply
satisfactorily. Synonymous with working life.
Projected Window
A window fitted with one or more sashes opening on pivoted arms or hinges.
Refers to casements, awnings, and hoppers.
Presettlement
Walk Through Final inspection of a house prior to closing, conducted
by the buyer.
Pre-Shimming
A preformed tape containing a built-in continuous elastomer rod to
eliminate use of individual shims which can be inadvertently omitted.
Prime Window
A window which is installed during the initial construction and services
as an integral part of the structure. Not to be confused with storm
windows which serve as a secondary weathering device.
Primer
A special coating designed to enhance the adhesion of sealant systems to
certain surfaces or a final organic coating to a surface.
Priming
Sealing of a porous surface so that compound will not stain, lose
elasticity, shrink excessively, etc., because of loss of oils or vehicle
into the surface. Frequently the sign of inferior formulation when
compound requires priming of surface before application.
Principal
Amount borrowed, excluding interest and other charges.
Profile
Describes the design of the panel (Clapboard, Dutch lap, Triple 3, etc.)
Property Survey
Survey to determine the boundries of a piece of property. Cost depends on
the complexity of the survey.
PSF
Pounds per square foot (lbs/ft2). Abbreviation of pressure notation, used
to describe wind velocity, barometric pressure.
PSI
Pounds per square inch (lbs/in2). As above.PVC Abbreviation for
polyvinyl chloride, a plastic material used to make molded or
extrudedparts.
-R-
Rabbet
A two-sided L-shaped recess in sash or frame to receive lites or panels.
Racking
Movement and distortion of sash or frame because of lack of rigidity, or
can be caused by adjustment of ventilator sections. Puts excessive strain
on the sealant and may result in joint failure.
Radiation
The transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves from one
separate surface to another. Energy from the sun reaches the earth by
radiation and a person's body can lose heat to a cold window or skylight
surface in a similar way.
Rail
In insulated door panels, the part, made of wood or a composite material,
which runs the assembly, across the top and bottom ends, and makes up the
top or bottom edge. In stile and rail doors, horizontal pieces at top and
bottom edges, and at intermediate points, which connect, and frame between
the stiles.
Ramp
In a sill or threshold, the horizontal face which is opened.
Ranch Rider
Local nonprofit motercycle club that helps with fundraisers to help
children with disabilities.
Recording Fee
Charge for recording the transfer of a property, paid to a city, county or
other appropriate branch of government.
Reglet
Any slot cut into masonry or formed into poured concrete or precast stone.
May also be an open mortar joint left between two courses of bricks or
stones, or a slot cut or cast into other types of building materials.
RESFEN
A computer program used to calculate energy use based on window selection
in residential buildings.
Retrofitting
Adding or replacing items to existing buildings. Typical retrofit products
are replacement doors and windows, insulation, storm windows, caulking,
weatherstripping, vents landscaping.
Reveal
The offset or margin between edges of parts.
Riser
A term which describes the part of an adjustable sill which can be moved
up or down by turning adjusting screws.
R-value
A measure of the resistance of a glazing material or fenestration assembly
to heat flow. It is the inverse of the U-factor (R = 1/U) and is expressed
in units of hr-sq ft-ºF/Btu. A high-R-value window has a greater
resistance to heat flow and a higher insulating value than one with a low
R-value.
Roof Deck
Structural segment upon which the roofing material, either shingles or
tiles, are installed.
Roof Window
A fixed or operable window similar to a skylight placed in the sloping
surface of a roof.
Rough Opening
A structurally-framed opening in a wall which recieves a door unit or
window.
R-value
A measure of the resistance of a glazing material or fenestration assembly
to heat flow. It is the inverse of the U-factor (R = 1/U) and is expressed
in units of hr-sq ft-ºF/Btu. A high-R-value window has a greater
resistance to heat flow and a higher insulating value than one with a low
R-value.
-S-
Saddle
In adjustable sill, another term for riser. Also, a shop-applied label
applied around the corner or edge of a door, which provides identification
and installation instructions.
Safety Glass
Glass which when broken, shatters into small pieces without sharp edges.
Sash
Separate from the masterframe, the portion of the window that contains the
glass.
Sash limit locks
A feature that allows a window to be safely raised to a certain height.
Scoring
Running a utility knife blade, a sharpened awl, scoring tool, or other
sharp implement across a soffit or siding panel face without cutting all
the way through the panel. This weakens the vinyl surface in a specific
area and allows the panel to be bent and broken off cleanly.
Screen Track
A feature of a door sill or frame head which provides a housing and runner
for rollers, to allow a screen panel to slide from side to side in the
door.
Scribe: A mark for a cut which has been made by using a template or
pattern.
Screw Boss
A continuous screw point on an aluminum extrusion designed to accept a
specific diameter sheet metal screw and which will provide a secure means
of fastening without the use of any reinforcement.
Sealant
Elastic material pumped or troweled into a joint to prevent water
penetration.
Self-Cased
A steel frame for which the edge detail finishes to the surrounding wall,
without the need for additional applied casing molding.
Self-Locating Hinge
A hinge with indexing or locating tabs to aid in exact placement against a
door edge.
Setting Block
Use of small blocks made of neoprene (preferred) or lead to distribute
weight of glass or panel to strong point of sash, aid in centering glass
or panel, and prevent glass to metal contact.
Setting Time
A term used rather loosely to describe a period when a material has either
dried sufficiently through solvent release, or cured sufficiently through
chemical reaction, to reach either a specified condition or a condition
resulting from either of the two processes.
Shading Screen
A specially fabricated screen of sheet material with small narrow louvers
formed in place to intercept solar radiation striking a window; the
louvers are so small that only extremely small insects can pass through.
Also called sun screen. Also, an awning with fixed louvers of metal or
wood.
Shading Coefficient
The ratio of the solar heat gain through a specific glazing system to the
total solar heat gain through a single layer of clear, double-strength
glass.
Shear
Strain put on a compound between two surfaces when there is a slipping
movement of the two surfaces parallel to and in opposite directions along
the length of the joint, such as occurs when an aluminum channel expands
to a greater length than a glass panel when both are subjected to the same
pronounced rise in temperature. This kind of strain tends to rub or knead
the compound in opposite directions along the joint, as contrasted to
other forms of strains which may try to pull the compound apart, by reason
of the strain being at a right angle to the joint.
Sheet Glass
A transparent, flat glass whose surface has a characteristic waviness
replaced by float glass.
There were three basic classifications of sheet glass:
1) single strength 3/32" thick
2) double strength: 1/8" thick
3) heavy sheet which has 3 thicknesses: 3/16", 7/32" and 1/4".
2) double strength: 1/8" thick
3) heavy sheet which has 3 thicknesses: 3/16", 7/32" and 1/4".
Shelf Life
The length of time that packaged materials such as adhesives and sealants
can be stored under specific temperature conditions and still remain
suitable for use.
Shim
A thin piece of material used between parts of an assembly, to change and
fix the distance between parts, when parts are fastened.
Shim Installation
Generally a wedge shaped spacer (such as cedar shingles, in residential
work) used to firmly locate a window or door frame into a rough opening.
Anchors are normally set through the shim so as to maintain the correct
frame placement after installation.
Sidelite
A fixed narrow panel, installed next to a door panel, for decorative
purposes. Sidelites almost always contain glass lites.
Sight Line
Imaginary line along the perimeter of lites or panels corresponding to the
top edge of stationary or removable stops, and the line of which sealants
contacting the lites or panels are sometimes finished off.
Sill
The horizontal, bottom section of the masterframe.
Single Glazing
The use of single thickness of glass in a window or door (as opposed to
sealed insulating glass which offers far superior insulating
characteristics).
Single Hung
Similar in appearance to the double-hung window, the single-hung window
features a stationary top and a moveable bottom.
Slide Bolt
The part of an astragal assembly which, by means of moving latches at tops
and bottoms of astragals, places bolts into frame heads and sills, for
fixing passive door panels closed.
Sliding patio doors
A combination of fixed and sliding glass door panels that operate solid
brass roller trucks. Available in 2-, 3- or 4- lite configurations with
the operable panel available in any position.
Sliding Window
A window in which the sashes move horizontally. Available in a 2- or
3-lite configurations.
Sloped Sill
The sill of some double-hung windows that has a downward slope toward the
outside with a capture dam that helps to keep water from infiltrating the
base of the bottom sash. Sloped sills assists water drainage to the
exterior of the window.
Soffit
Material used to enclose the horizontal underside of an eave, cornice, or
overhang. Some soffit panels may also be used as vertical siding.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
The fraction of solar radiation admitted through a window or skylight,
both directly transmitted and absorbed and subsequently released inward.
The solar heat gain coefficient has replaced the shading coefficient as
the standard indicator of a window's shading ability. It is expressed as a
number between 0 and 1. The lower a window's solar heat gain coefficient,
the less solar heat it transmits and the greater its shading ability. SHGC
can be expressed in terms of the glass alone or can refer to the entire
window assembly.
Spectrally Selective Glazing
A coated or tinted glazing with optical properties that are transparent to
some wavelengths of energy and reflective to others. Typical spectrally
selective coatings are transparent to visible light and reflect short-wave
and long-wave infrared radiation.
Sound Transmission Class (STC)
The sound transmission loss rating of a material over a selected range of
sound frequencies. The higher the number, the better.
Spacer
An object placed between two or more pieces of glass which helps to
maintain a uniform width between the glass, and prevent sealant
distortion.
Spacer Shims
Devices that are U-shaped in cross-sections and an inch or more in length,
placed on the edges of lites or panels to serve both as shims to keep the
lites or panels centered in the sash or frames, and as spacers to keep the
lites or panels centered in the channels and maintain uniform width of
sealant beads. Usually made of rubber.
Spandrel Glass
Heat-strengthened float glass with a colored-ceramic coating adhered to
the back by a heat-fusing process. It has double the strength of annealed
glass of the same size and thickness, enabling it to withstand greater
uniform loads and thermal stresses. Spandrel glass cannot be re-cut after
heat-strengthening. It is used as a fixed opaque colored glass on
buildings in front of floor slabs and columns. It is available in a wide
array of colors.
Specifications
Contractual document describing in detail the work to be performed;
quality, type and manufacturer of materials and equipment for a particular
project.
Square
A measurement of siding. One square equals 100 square feet (10 x 10 wall).
SST non-metal spacer
A solid silicone foam spacer covered with Mylar. It is sealed to the edge
of the glass and then sealed with butyl for greater energy efficiency.
Stile
In insulated door panels, the full-length parts, usually wood, which make
up the long edges. In stile and rail doors, the vertical edge parts.
Starter Strip
An accessory applied directly to the surface of the building and used to
secure the first course of siding to the home.
Strapping
A flexible framing material used to even a surface prior to installation.
Strike
A metal part with a hole recess for recieving a door latch, also with a
curved or ramped face so a spring-loaded latch contacts it when closing.
Strikes are fit into mortises in door jambs or mullions, and
screw-fastened.
Stop
Either the stationary lip at the back of a rabbet, or the removable
molding at the front of the rabbet, either or both serving to hold lite or
panel in the sash or frame with the help of spacers. Also the part of a
door frame against which the door closes.
Storm Window
A second set of windows installed on the outside or inside of the primary
window to provide additional insulation.
Style
A number or name defining a door design or configuration.
Subfloor
The concrete or wood floor surface lying under the finished floor. Prehung
door assemblies are installed atop the subfloor.
Substrate
The base or core material in an assembly of parts. In sills, the full
length wood or composite part of the sill, visible only from the bottom
side, or ends.
Sun Control Film
A tinted or reflective film applied to the glazing surface to reduce
visible, ultra-violet, or total transmission of solar radiation. Reduces
solar heat gain in summer and glare. Some can be removed and reapplied
with changing seasons.
Super Window
A window with a very low U-factor, typically less than 0.15, achieved
through the use of multiple glazing, low-E coatings, and gas fills.
Switch-able Glazing
Glazing with optical properties that can be reversibly switched from clear
to dark or reflective.
-T-
Tempered Glass
Glass sheet which has been strengthened by heat processing. Tempered glass
when broken, shatters into small pieces without sharp edges. See also
safety glass.
Temperer
Manufacturer of tempered glass, which is heat treated either vertically or
horizontally. Tempered glass, when shattered, breaks into rounded, smooth
pieces of glass, rather than sharp, irregular pieces.
Template
A pattern or jig used to machine-cut a precise hole or recess into a door
or frame part.
Tenancy In Common
Form of ownership in which the tenants own seperate but equal parts. To
inherit the property, a surviving tenant would either have to be mentioned
in the will or, in the absence of a will, be eligible through state
inheritance laws.
Thermal Break
A feature of a door or frame assembly which seperates metal or glass
exposed to outside temperatures, from coming into contact and transmitting
heat to or from inside-exposed parts.
Thermal Expansion
Change in dimension of a material as a result of temperature change.
Thermal Mass
Mass in a building (furnishings or structure) that is used to absorb solar
gain during the day and release the heat as the space cools in the
evening.
Thermochromic
Glazing with optical properties that can change in response to temperature
changes.
Thermogram
An image of an object taken with an infrared camera that shows surface
temperature variations.
Threshold
Another term for sill. The horizontal part of a door assembly, fixed under
the door panel and bearing on the floor.
Tilt Windows
A single or double hung window whose operable sash can be tilted into the
room for interior washability.
Tinted Glass
Glass made with a green, gray or bronze tint, so as to reduce light
transmittance.
Title
Evidence (usually in the form of a certificate or deed) of a person's
legal right to ownership of a property.
Tolerance
Permissible deviation from a nominal or specified dimension or value.
Tooling
Operation of pressing in and striking a compound in a joint in order to
press compound against the sides of a joint and secure good adhesion. Also
the finishing off of the surface of a compound in a joint so that it is
flush with the surface.
TPE
Abbreviation for thermoplastic elastomer. TPEs are used to make
weatherstripping and gasketing parts.
Transom
A framed glass assembly mounted atop a door assembly. Transoms are
rectangular in shape or have curved or arched tops. One design of a curved
top transom has the shape of a half-ellipse.
Transport Clip
A steel piece used to temporarily fasten a prehung door assembly closed
for handling and shipping, which maintains the door panel's proper
position in the frame.
Trimmer Stud
In a wood-framed rough opening, the stud or framing member which runs
vertically from the subfloor to and supporting the structural header
member, into which a door frame is fastened.
Triple-Glazed
An insulated glass assembly made of three thicknesses of glass, with air
spaces between the outer and inner thickenesses.
Trombe Wall
Glass covered concrete wall that collects and stores heat passively. Heat
radiates back into the outdoors or into internal air or heating.
Two-Part Compound
A product which is necessarily packaged in two separate containers. It is
comprised of a base and the curing agent or accelerator. The two
components are uniformly mixed just prior to its use since, when mixed, it
cures and its useful life is quite limited from the standpoint of
application characteristics.
-U-
Underlayment
Weather-resistant material placed under vinyl siding panels.
Urethane
A plastic material made by reacting two polymers. A urethane part will
burn, but it will not melt.
UV (Ultraviolet light)
The invisible rays of the spectrum that are outside of the visible
spectrum at its short-wavelength violet end. Ultraviolet rays are found in
everyday sunlight and can cause fading of paint finishes, carpets and
fabrics.
UV reflection
The percentage of ultraviolet rays being blocked rather than being
transmitted through the window's glass unit. The higher the number, the
lower the percentage of ultraviolet rays being transmitted through the
window.
U-value (U-factor)
A measure of the rate of non-solar heat loss or gain through a material or
assembly. It is expressed in units of Btu/hr-sq ft-ºF (W/sq m-ºC). Values
are normally given for NFRC/ASHRAE winter conditions of 0ºF (18º C)
outdoor temperature, 70º F (21º C) indoor temperature, 15 mph wind and no
solar load. The U-factor may be expressed for the glass alone or the
entire window, which includes the effect of the frame and the spacer
materials. The lower the U-factor, the greater a window's resistance to
heat flow and the better its insulating value.
-V-
Vapor Retarder
A material that reduces the diffusion of water vapor across a building
assembly.
Veneer
A thin film or facing, adhesively bonded to a core or substrate, which
makes up the exposed and decorative face of an assembly.
Veterans Administration (VA)
Federal agency that insures mortgage loans with very liberal down payment
requirements for honorably discharged veterans and their surviving
spouses.
Vinyl
Polyvinyl chloride material that can be both rigid or flexible, used in
glazing channels and weathering of both windows and doors.
Vinyl Glazing
Holding glass in place with extruded vinyl channels or roll-in type.
Visible Light
The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that produces light that can
be seen. Wavelengths range from 380 to 720 nanometers.
Visible transmittance (VT)
The percentage or fraction of the visible spectrum (380 to 720 nanometers)
weighted by the sensitivity of the eye that is transmitted through the
glazing.
-W-
Warm-edge technology
The use of low-conductance spacers to reduce heat transfer near the edge
of insulated glazing.
Warp
A permanent curvature or deviation from straightness, which can be induced
in a part or assembly by a load or force, or by exposure to heat or
moisture.
Warranty
Promise, either written or implied, that the material and workmanship of
product is free of defects or will meet the specified level of performance
over a specified period of time. Written warranties on new homes are
either backed by insurance companies or by the builder.
Water Penetration
The unwanted passage of water through a door or window system.
Weatherstripping
Material used to form a weather-resistant seal around operable sash.
Wedge Glazing
Interior flexible continuous pressure fit gasket that insures a high
compression seal between the glass and aluminum while applying pressure
and seal to the outside architectural glazing tape.
Weep Holes
Openings cut into siding or accessories to allow for water runoff.
Wet Glazing
A method of sealed glass in a frame by use of a knife or gun-applied
glazing compound or sealant.
Window Hardware
Various devices and mechanisms for the window including catches, fasteners
and locks, hinges, pivots, lifts and pulls, pulleys and sash weights, sash
balances, and stays.
Window Wall
A metal curtain wall of the commercial type, in which windows are the most
prominent element. Also refers to smallest fixed lites used with wall
systems.
Wired Glass
Glass made for use in fire doors, which has embedded wires which bind the
glass, and permit the glass to remain monolithic when exposed to
fire.
-Z-
Zoning
Regulations established by local governments regarding the location,
height and use for any given piece of property with a specific
area.